Welder Red Seal · Question
Martensite is a hard, brittle microstructure that can form in steel. Its formation is dependent on which two main factors?
Martensite forms when steel with sufficient carbon is heated to an austenitic state and then cooled so rapidly that the carbon atoms are trapped in the iron cry
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Question: Martensite is a hard, brittle microstructure that can form in steel. Its formation is dependent on which two main factors?
Answer options:
- Low carbon content and slow cooling rates.
- High nickel content and post-weld heat treatment. ✅ Sufficient carbon content and a rapid cooling rate (quenching).
- The presence of iron sulfides and a low preheat temperature.
Correct answer: Sufficient carbon content and a rapid cooling rate (quenching).
Explanation: Martensite forms when steel with sufficient carbon is heated to an austenitic state and then cooled so rapidly that the carbon atoms are trapped in the iron crystal lattice. This distorted, body-centered tetragonal structure is very hard and brittle. Control over the cooling rate is crucial to avoid its formation in the HAZ of a weld.
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