A security guard observes an individual attempting to shoplift merchandise from a retail store. The individual resists when the guard attempts to detain them. To what extent is the security guard legally permitted to use force in this situation?

Question: A security guard observes an individual attempting to shoplift merchandise from a retail store. The individual resists when the guard attempts to detain them. To what extent is the security guard legally permitted to use force in this situation?

Answer options:

• Force up to and including chemical agents.
• Only verbal commands and physical presence. ✅ Such force as is reasonably necessary to prevent escape and effect the arrest.
• Any force deemed necessary to recover the merchandise, regardless of the individual's actions.

Correct answer: Such force as is reasonably necessary to prevent escape and effect the arrest.

Explanation: Section 25 of the Criminal Code of Canada permits a person to use as much force as is reasonably necessary in the performance of their duty when they are authorized by law to do an act. In this case, a security guard can make a citizen's arrest for an indictable offence (theft over $5000, or any offence if they witness it) and use reasonable force in doing so or to prevent escape.