A security guard working at a retail store observes a known shoplifter entering the premises. Based on this observation, what is the guard's primary authority and limitation concerning this individual?

Question: A security guard working at a retail store observes a known shoplifter entering the premises. Based on this observation, what is the guard's primary authority and limitation concerning this individual?

Answer options: ✅ The guard's authority is primarily derived from the property owner's right to control access and, without direct evidence of a new offence, cannot physically detain the individual solely based on past actions.

• The guard can immediately physically detain the individual due to their past criminal record.
• The guard can demand to search the individual's bags as a condition of entry.
• The guard can ban the individual from the property permanently, but cannot enforce it without police.

Correct answer: The guard's authority is primarily derived from the property owner's right to control access and, without direct evidence of a new offence, cannot physically detain the individual solely based on past actions.

Explanation: A security guard's powers are largely those of a private citizen. While they manage access based on property rules, they cannot detain someone without reasonable grounds to believe a new offence is being or has been committed on the property. Past actions alone do not grant arrest authority for a new, uncommitted offence.