You are assisting a resident with dementia at mealtime. The resident frequently spits out food, holds food in their mouth for long periods, and coughs after swallowing. What is the MOST appropriate initial action for the HCA?

Question: You are assisting a resident with dementia at mealtime. The resident frequently spits out food, holds food in their mouth for long periods, and coughs after swallowing. What is the MOST appropriate initial action for the HCA?

Answer options: ✅ Document these observations and report them to the LPN/RN immediately.

• Scold the resident for not eating properly.
• Offer smaller, bite-sized portions and encourage slower eating.
• Switch the resident to a liquid-only diet without consulting nursing.

Correct answer: Document these observations and report them to the LPN/RN immediately.

Explanation: These signs (spitting out food, pocketing, coughing) are indicators of potential dysphagia or difficulty swallowing. The HCA's role is to observe, document, and report these critical observations to the LPN/RN for further assessment and intervention to prevent aspiration.