John, a resident of Quebec, designated his spouse, Marie, as the beneficiary of his life insurance policy. He later wants to change the beneficiary to his sister, Lisa. Under the Civil Code of Québec, what is the immediate implication of John's initial designation of Marie?

Question: John, a resident of Quebec, designated his spouse, Marie, as the beneficiary of his life insurance policy. He later wants to change the beneficiary to his sister, Lisa. Under the Civil Code of Québec, what is the immediate implication of John's initial designation of Marie?

Answer options:

• Marie is considered a 'preferred beneficiary,' and John can only change the designation with her written consent. ✅ Marie's designation is revocable by default, and John can change it at any time without her consent.
• Marie's designation is irrevocable by default, and John cannot change it without a court order.
• Marie automatically receives the proceeds as 'preferred class,' making the change impossible.

Correct answer: Marie's designation is revocable by default, and John can change it at any time without her consent.

Explanation: Under the Civil Code of Québec, a beneficiary designation is presumed revocable unless specifically stated as irrevocable. John can change the beneficiary without Marie's consent.