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Plumber Red Seal · Question

In a drainage pipe, when fast-moving, shallow flow suddenly becomes slow-moving and deeper, often at a decrease in pipe grade, what is this phenomenon called?

A hydraulic jump is a fluid mechanics phenomenon that occurs when supercritical flow (fast, shallow) transitions to subcritical flow (slow, deep). In drainage,

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Question: In a drainage pipe, when fast-moving, shallow flow suddenly becomes slow-moving and deeper, often at a decrease in pipe grade, what is this phenomenon called?

Answer options:

  • Laminar flow
  • Turbulent flow
  • Hydraulic gradient ✅ Hydraulic jump

Correct answer: Hydraulic jump

Explanation: A hydraulic jump is a fluid mechanics phenomenon that occurs when supercritical flow (fast, shallow) transitions to subcritical flow (slow, deep). In drainage, this can cause a sudden rise in the water level, potentially leading to blockages or backups if not accounted for in the design.

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